Regardless of political affiliation, "the brown rats of New York are struggling just as hard (as humans) to adapt to urban existence."

Long before COVID-19, Rattus norvegicus had been cleared of history's major charge: the Black Death was spread by humans not rats.

They got a bum rat.

The ostensible reason for this post? Vindication for the rat, but scroll down for the subsidiary purpose.

Rats have other problems now.

Beer and bagels please: New York rats evolve to mirror human habits, by Robin McKie (The Guardian)

Changes in rodents’ DNA means they are now prone to similar health threats to humans, scientists discover

Humans are not alone in suffering from the stresses of modern city life.

Researchers have found the brown rats of New York are struggling just as hard to adapt to urban existence.

Indeed it is possible, they say, that both humans and rats have undergone parallel shifts in their genetic make-up in response to city life, leaving them prone to similar health threats, such as the effects of pollutants and the consumption of highly sugared foods.

“We know rats have changed in incredible ways in their behaviour and in their diet, just as human communities have changed,” said Arbel Harpak, a population geneticist at the New York’s Columbia University. “In New York you can see them eat bagels and beer; in Paris they like croissants and butter. They adapt in amazing ways.”

snip

The crucial point, say the researchers, is that urban rats are so closely associated with human city-dwellers that it is possible similar genetic changes have occurred in both species. “Like humans, rats live in higher densities in cities, leading to increased pathogen transmission potential,” they argue. “In addition, mosquito species that have rapidly invaded urban areas across the world feed on both rats and humans – suggesting a novel, shared-disease exposure.”

The most striking common feature of the lives of urban humans and urban rats is diet, the researchers discovered: both consume an increasingly large amount of highly processed sugars and fats. Such a diet leads to various health concerns, which could also apply to rats.

Why you should care about the Hart Island potter's field in New York City.

Photo credit: Atlas Obscura

In 2015, Atlas Obscura ran a five-part series called Islands of the Undesirables, documenting "New York City's tendency to put its undesirables on islands around the boroughs."

1. Islands of The Undesirables: Roosevelt Island
2. Islands of the Undesirables: Randall's Island and Wards Island
3. Islands of The Undesirables: North Brother Island
4. Islands of the Undesirables: Hart Island
5. Islands of The Undesirables: Rikers Island

Which reminds me that on the general topic of undesirables, I must interject a book recommendation: Low Life: Lures and Snares of Old New York, by Luc Sante, published in 2003.

Luc Sante's Low Life is a portrait of America's greatest city, the riotous and anarchic breeding ground of modernity. This is not the familiar saga of mansions, avenues, and robber barons, but the messy, turbulent, often murderous story of the city's slums; the teeming streets--scene of innumerable cons and crimes whose cramped and overcrowded housing is still a prominent feature of the cityscape.

Low Life voyages through Manhattan from four different directions. Part One examines the actual topography of Manhattan from 1840 to 1919; Part Two, the era's opportunities for vice and entertainment--theaters and saloons, opium and cocaine dens, gambling and prostitution; Part Three investigates the forces of law and order which did and didn't work to contain the illegalities; Part Four counterposes the city's tides of revolt and idealism against the city as it actually was.

Low Life provides an arresting and entertaining view of what New York was actually like in its salad days. But it's more than simpy a book about New York. It's one of the most provocative books about urban life ever written--an evocation of the mythology of the quintessential modern metropolis, which has much to say not only about New York's past but about the present and future of all cities.

Another offbeat chronicle of NYC is here: The Big Oyster: History on the Half Shell, by Mark Kurlansky. The city's superlative setting amid the Hudson River's estuary has been altered (and vastly compromised) by humanity these past five centuries, but originally the vicinity was a natural paradise and one of the oyster capitals of the entire planet.

What all this proves to me is that there might be an Atlas Obscura dedicated solely to New York City and its immediate surroundings. Historical and cultural references to NYC are so many and varied that they're almost part of the collective American DNA.

This said, and perhaps oddly, while I've changed planes a few times at JFK and LaGuardia, and once spent the night in a seedy hotel there after a flight delay, I haven't actually BEEN to the Big Apple, ever. Tirana, Lisbon, Oslo and Moscow, but not New York City.

There are two coronavirus-related reasons for this New York State of Digression, both in Gothamist.

Mass Burials On Hart Island Increase Fivefold As COVID-19 Death Toll Skyrockets (April 9, 2020)

NYPD Seizes Drone Of Photojournalist Documenting Mass Burials On Hart Island (April 17, 2020)

Photo credit: Gothamist (above)

Ten days ago, and it seems like so much longer; at any rate, it fascinates me that some folks on anti-social media found it necessary to vociferously deny the existence of mass graves on an island used as a potter's field for 100 years ... where graves in this fashion are, in fact, the norm.

And, statistically, the number of such burials skyrocketed during COVID's (so far) peak in the city. Given that potter's fields are the resting place of last resort, this should tell us something about the victims of the virus -- that is, if we have any interest in shutting up and paying attention.

I wonder how Kevin Zurschmiede is spinning this one, assuming of course that he's even aware of it.

Closing note: Just last December, Hart Island's status changed and it will become publicly accessible parkland, bringing to a close a century of draconian inaccessibility. Any accompanying measures to memorialize the undesirables would be a fine thing, indeed.